Docker可以轻松的为任何应用创建一个轻量级的,可移植的,自给自足的容器。程序员在笔记本上编译测试通过的容器可以批量地在生产环境中部署,包括VMs(虚拟机)、bare metal、OpenStack 集群和其他的基础应用平台。
环境准备
宿主机:CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611
Docker Version: 1.12.5
Oracle 11.2.0.4
基础镜像: docker.io/centos
主要步骤
1. 使用centos镜像运行容器
docker run -it -p 192.168.10.51:1521:1521 --name os4oracle -v /container_data/oracle_data:/oracle docker.io/centos
PS: 已在宿主机上解压Oracle安装文件到/container_data/oracle_data/database中
2. 在容器中执行如下操作
groupadd dba
groupadd oinstall
useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
useradd nobody
mkdir -p /opt/oracle
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:dba /opt
chmod -R 775 /opt
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install make
yum -y install binutils
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-static
yum -y install ksh
yum -y install libaio
yum -y install libaio-devel
yum -y install numactl-devel
yum -y install sysstat
yum -y install unixODBC
yum -y install unixODBC-devel
yum -y install pcre-devel
/etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
/etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 936870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
3.准备静默安装需要的应答文件和创建数据库需要的模板文件(在可视化的环境中生成)
本例中db_install.rsp 内容如下:
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=true
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/oracle/oracle_data
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
建库模板文件
在可视化的环境中通过dbca生成,重点注意修改参数 JAVA_JIT_ENABLED 为false
[root@srv5 oracle_data]# cat orcl.dbc
<?xml version = '1.0'?>
<DatabaseTemplate name="orcl" description="" version="11.2.0.0.0">
<CommonAttributes>
<option name="OMS" value="false"/>
<option name="JSERVER" value="true"/>
<option name="SPATIAL" value="true"/>
<option name="IMEDIA" value="true"/>
<option name="XDB_PROTOCOLS" value="true">
<tablespace id="SYSAUX"/>
</option>
<option name="ORACLE_TEXT" value="true">
<tablespace id="SYSAUX"/>
</option>
<option name="SAMPLE_SCHEMA" value="false"/>
<option name="CWMLITE" value="true">
<tablespace id="SYSAUX"/>
</option>
<option name="EM_REPOSITORY" value="true">
<tablespace id="SYSAUX"/>
</option>
<option name="APEX" value="true"/>
<option name="OWB" value="true"/>
<option name="DV" value="false"/>
</CommonAttributes>
<Variables/>
<CustomScripts Execute="false"/>
<InitParamAttributes>
<InitParams>
<initParam name="db_name" value="orcl"/>
<initParam name="db_domain" value=""/>
<initParam name="dispatchers" value="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE={SID}XDB)"/>
<initParam name="audit_file_dest" value="{ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/adump"/>
<initParam name="compatible" value="11.2.0.4.0"/>
<initParam name="remote_login_passwordfile" value="EXCLUSIVE"/>
<initParam name="processes" value="150"/>
<initParam name="undo_tablespace" value="UNDOTBS1"/>
<initParam name="control_files" value="("{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl", "{ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl")"/>
<initParam name="diagnostic_dest" value="{ORACLE_BASE}"/>
<initParam name="db_recovery_file_dest" value="{ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area"/>
<initParam name="audit_trail" value="db"/>
<initParam name="memory_target" value="731" unit="MB"/>
<initParam name="db_block_size" value="8" unit="KB"/>
<initParam name="open_cursors" value="300"/>
<initParam name="db_recovery_file_dest_size" value="4182" unit="MB"/>
</InitParams>
<MiscParams>
<databaseType>MULTIPURPOSE</databaseType>
<maxUserConn>20</maxUserConn>
<percentageMemTOSGA>40</percentageMemTOSGA>
<customSGA>false</customSGA>
<archiveLogMode>false</archiveLogMode>
<initParamFileName>{ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/pfile/init.ora</initParamFileName>
</MiscParams>
<SPfile useSPFile="true">{ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile{SID}.ora</SPfile>
</InitParamAttributes>
<StorageAttributes>
<DataFiles>
<Location>{ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/Seed_Database.dfb</Location>
<SourceDBName>seeddata</SourceDBName>
<Name id="1" Tablespace="SYSTEM" Contents="PERMANENT" Size="740" autoextend="true" blocksize="8192">{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/system01.dbf</Name>
<Name id="2" Tablespace="SYSAUX" Contents="PERMANENT" Size="470" autoextend="true" blocksize="8192">{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/sysaux01.dbf</Name>
<Name id="3" Tablespace="UNDOTBS1" Contents="UNDO" Size="25" autoextend="true" blocksize="8192">{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/undotbs01.dbf</Name>
<Name id="4" Tablespace="USERS" Contents="PERMANENT" Size="5" autoextend="true" blocksize="8192">{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/users01.dbf</Name>
</DataFiles>
<TempFiles>
<Name id="1" Tablespace="TEMP" Contents="TEMPORARY" Size="20">{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/temp01.dbf</Name>
</TempFiles>
<ControlfileAttributes id="Controlfile">
<maxDatafiles>100</maxDatafiles>
<maxLogfiles>16</maxLogfiles>
<maxLogMembers>3</maxLogMembers>
<maxLogHistory>1</maxLogHistory>
<maxInstances>8</maxInstances>
<image name="control01.ctl" filepath="{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/"/>
<image name="control02.ctl" filepath="{ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/"/>
</ControlfileAttributes>
<RedoLogGroupAttributes id="1">
<reuse>false</reuse>
<fileSize unit="KB">51200</fileSize>
<Thread>1</Thread>
<member ordinal="0" memberName="redo01.log" filepath="{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/"/>
</RedoLogGroupAttributes>
<RedoLogGroupAttributes id="2">
<reuse>false</reuse>
<fileSize unit="KB">51200</fileSize>
<Thread>1</Thread>
<member ordinal="0" memberName="redo02.log" filepath="{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/"/>
</RedoLogGroupAttributes>
<RedoLogGroupAttributes id="3">
<reuse>false</reuse>
<fileSize unit="KB">51200</fileSize>
<Thread>1</Thread>
<member ordinal="0" memberName="redo03.log" filepath="{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/"/>
</RedoLogGroupAttributes>
</StorageAttributes>
</DatabaseTemplate>
4.静默安装oracle软件
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
5.静默创建数据库
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName /home/oracle/orcl.dbc -gdbName orcl -sid orcl -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK
屏幕上输入两次密码后脚本开始运行
6.至此,数据库成功安装,可以自行测试一番。亦可保存次容器为镜像供后续使用。
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PS: 如没有执行第3步中修改JAVA_JIT_ENABLED为false,则会遇到如下问题:
建库脚本执行到76%后挂起,查看日志会发现如下错误:
[root@2c9aedc92450 orcl]# cat postDBCreation.log
BEGIN
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-29516: Aurora assertion failure: Assertion failure at joez.c:3422
Bulk load of method java/lang/Object.
ORA-06512: at line 3
IF CatbundleCreateDir(:catbundleLogDir) = 0 THEN
*
ERROR at line 71:
ORA-06550: line 71, column 14:
PLS-00201: identifier 'CATBUNDLECREATEDIR' must be declared
ORA-06550: line 71, column 11:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored
网上查得该问题的解决办法: